JAL was established on August 1, 1951, and began domestic operations on October 25 with a Northwest Airlines Martin 2-0-2. On August 1, 1953, it became a state-owned airline of Japan and began its first international services with a Douglas DC-6B, named City of Tokyo, from Tokyo to San Francisco on February 2, 1954. After over three decades of service and expansion, the airline was fully privatized on November 18, 1987. In 2002, Japan Airlines merged with Japan Air System, Japan's third-largest airline and became the sixth largest airline in the world by passengers carried. However, the airline has been heavily unprofitable for years, and on January 19, 2010, after losses of nearly ¥100 billion in a single quarter, the airline filed for bankruptcy.[2]
Japan Airlines' slogan is "Dream Skyward", and the JAL group include Japan Airlines for international and domestic services; JALways for international leisure services; JAL Express for international and domestic low-cost services; Hokkaido Air System, J-Air, Japan Air Commuter, Japan Transocean Air and Ryukyu Air Commuter for domestic feeder services; and JAL Cargo for cargo and mail services. Japan Airlines and four of its subsidiaries; including J-Air, JAL Express, JALways and Japan Transocean Air; are members of the Oneworld alliance.
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